危险物品的运输方法!

危险品运输危险品运输在化工、涂料、固体、液体、粉剂凡具有腐蚀性、自然性、易燃性、毒害性、爆炸性等性质,在运输、装卸和储存保管过程中容易造成人身伤亡和财产损毁而需要特别防护的物品,均属危险品。危险品具有特殊的物理、化学性能,运输中如防护不当,极易发生事故,并且事故所造成的后果较一般车辆事故更加严重。因此,为确保安全,在危险运输中应注意以下八点:

  1.危险品运输注意包装危险品在装运前应根据其性质、运送路程、沿途路况等采用安全的方式包装好。包装必须牢固、严密,在包装上做好清晰、规范、易识别的标志。

  2.注意装卸危险品装卸现场的道路、灯光、标志、消防设施等必须符合安全装卸的条件。装卸危险品时,汽车应在露天停放,装卸工人应注意自身防护,穿戴必需的防护用具。严格遵守操作规程,轻装、轻卸,严禁摔碰、撞击、滚翻、重压和倒置,怕潮湿的货物应用篷布遮盖,货物必须堆放整齐,捆扎牢固。不同性质的危险品不能同车混装,如雷管、炸药等切勿同装一车。

  3.注意用车装运危险品必须选用合适的车辆,爆炸品、1级氧化剂、有机氧化物不得用全挂汽车列车、三轮机动车、摩托车、人力三轮车和自行车装运;爆炸器、1级氧化剂、有机过氧物、1级易燃品不得用拖拉机装运。除二级固定危险品外,其它危险品不得用自卸汽车装运。

  4.注意防火危货运输忌火,危险品在装卸时应使用不产生火花的工具,车厢内严禁吸烟,车辆不得靠近明火、高温场所和太阳暴晒的地方。装运石油类的油罐车在停驶、装卸时应安装好地线,行驶时,应使地线触地,以防静电产生火灾。

  5.注意驾驶装运危险品的车辆,应设置GB13392-92《道路运输危险货物车辆标志》规定的标志。汽车运行必须严格遵守交通、消防、治安等法规,应控制车速,保持与前车的距离,遇有情况提前减速,避免紧急刹车,严禁违章超车,确保行车安全。

  6.注意漏散危险品在装运过程中出现漏散现象时,应根据危险品的不同性质,进行妥善处理。爆炸品散落时,应将其移至安全处,修理或更换包装,对漏散的爆炸品及时用水浸湿,请当地公安消防人员处理;储存压缩气体或液化气体的罐体出现泄漏时,应将其移至通风场地,向漏气钢瓶浇水降温;液氨漏气时,可浸入水中。其它剧毒气体应浸入石灰水中。易燃固体物品散落时,应迅速将散落包装移于安全处所,黄磷散落后应立即浸入水中,金属钠、钾等必须浸入盛有煤油或无水液体石腊的铁桶中;易燃液体渗漏时,应及时将渗漏部位朝上,并及时移至安全通风场所修补或更换包装,渗漏物用黄砂、干土盖没后扫净。

  7.注意停放装载危险品的车辆不得在学校、机关、集市、名胜古迹、风景游览区停放,如必须在上述地区进行装卸作业或临时停车时,应采取安全措施,并征得当地公安部门的同意。停车时要留人看守,闲杂人员不准接近车辆,做到车在人在,确保车辆安全。

  8.注意清厢危险品卸车后应清扫车上残留物,被危险品污染过的车辆及工具必须洗刷清毒。未经彻底清毒,严禁装运食用、药用物品、饲料及动植物。

  危险品运输凡是在流通过程中,由于本身具有的燃烧、爆炸、腐蚀、毒害及放射性,或因为摩擦、震动、撞击、暴晒或者温湿度等外界因素的影响,发生危及生命、财产损失危险的物品都属于危险品。

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